To Him That Hath

R >> Ralph Connor >> To Him That Hath


He learned that the Maitland Mills were in deep water, financially. His
keen economic instinct and his deep study of economic movements told
him that a serious financial crisis, continent-wide, was inevitable and
imminent. It only needed a successful labour war to give the final touch
that would bring the whole industrial fabric tumbling into ruin. The
desire for immediate revenge upon the man toward whom he had come to
cherish an implacable hatred would not suffer him to await the onset of
a nation-wide industrial crisis. He fancied that he saw the opportunity
for striking an immediate blow here in Blackwater.

He steadily thwarted Maitland's attempts to get into touch with him,
whether at the works or in his own home, where Maitland had become
a frequent visitor. He was able only partially to allay his mother's
anxiety and her suspicion that all was not well with him. That shrewd
old lady knew her son well enough to suspect that some untoward
circumstance had befallen him, but she knew also that she could do no
more than bide her time.

With the workers of the Maitland Mills circumstances favoured the plans
of McNish and the Executive of the allied unions. The new manager was
beginning to make his hand felt upon the wheel. Checks upon wastage in
labour time and in machine time were being instituted; everywhere there
was a tightening up of loose screws and a knitting up of loose ends,
with the inevitable consequent irritation. This was especially true in
the case of Tony Perrotte, to whom discipline was ever an external force
and never an inward compulsion. Inexact in everything he did, irregular
in his habits, irresponsible in his undertakings, he met at every turn
the pressure of the firm, resolute hand of the new manager. Deep down
in his heart there was an abiding admiration and affection for Jack
Maitland, but he loathed discipline and kicked against it.

The first of May is ever a day of uncertainty and unrest in the world
of labour. It is a time for readjustment, for the fixing of wage scales,
for the assertion of labour rights and the ventilating of labour wrongs.
It is a time favourable to upheaval, and is therefore awaited by all
employers of labour with considerable anxiety.

On the surface there was not a ripple to indicate that as far as the
Maitland Mills were concerned there was beneath a surging tide of
unrest. So undisturbed indeed was the surface that the inexperienced
young manager was inclined to make light of the anxieties of his father,
and was confident in his assurance that the danger of a labour crisis
had, for the present at least, been averted.

Out of the blue heaven fell the bolt. The mails on May Day morning
brought to the desk of every manager of every industry in Blackwater,
and to every building contractor, a formal document setting forth in
terms courteous but firm the demands of the executives of the allied
unions of Blackwater.

"Well, it has come, boy," was Maitland's greeting to his son, who came
into the office for the usual morning consultation.

"What?" said Jack.

"War," replied his father, tossing him the letter and watching his face
as he read it.

Jack handed him the letter without a word.

"Well, what do you think of it?" said his father.

"It might be worse."

"Worse?" roared his father. "Worse? How can it be worse?"

"Well, it is really a demand for an increase in wages. The others, I
believe, are mere frills. And between ourselves, sir, though I haven't
gone into it very carefully, I am not sure but that an increase in wages
is about due."

Maitland glowered at his son in a hurt and hopeless rage.

"An increase in wages due?" he said. "After the increase of six months
ago? The thing is preposterous. The ungrateful scoundrels!"

At this point the telephone upon his desk rang. Jack took up the
receiver.

"Good morning, Mr. McGinnis. . . . Yes, he is here. Yes. . . . At least,
I suppose so. . . . Oh, I don't know. . . . It is rather peremptory.
. . . All right, sir, I shall tell him."

"Let me talk to him," said his father, impatiently.

"Never mind just now, Dad," said Jack, with his hand over the receiver.
Then through the telephone he said: "All right, sir; he will await you
here. Good morning."

". . . The old boy is wild," said Jack with a slight laugh. "The wires
are quite hot."

"This is no joke, Jack, I can tell you. McGinnis is coming over, is he?"

"Yes," replied Jack, "but we won't get much help from him."

"Why not?" inquired his father. "He is a very shrewd and able business
man."

"He may be all that, sir, but in a case like this, if you really want my
opinion, and I have no wish to be disrespectful, he is a hot-headed ass.
Just the kind of employer to rejoice the heart of a clever labour leader
who is out for trouble. Dad," and Jack's voice became very earnest,
"let's work this out by ourselves. We can handle our own men better
without the help of McGinnis or any other."

"That is just the trouble. Look at this precious document, 'The Allied
Unions.' What have I got to do with them? And signed by Simmons and
McDonough. Who is McDonough, pray?"

"McDonough? Oh, I know McDonough. He is a little like
McGinnis--big-hearted, hot-headed, good in a scrap, useless in a
conference. But I suggest, sir, that we ignore the slight unpleasant
technicalities in the manner and method of negotiation and try to deal
with our own people in a reasonable way."

"I am ready always to meet my own people, but I refuse utterly to deal
with this committee!" It was not often that Mr. Maitland became profane,
but in his description of this particular group of individuals his
ordinary English suffered a complete collapse.

"Dad, McGinnis will be here in a few minutes. I should like to suggest
one or two things, if you will allow me."

"Go on," said his father quickly.

"Dad, this is war, and I have learned a little about that game 'over
there.' And I have learned something about it in my athletic activities.
The first essential is to decline to play the enemy's game. Let's
discover his plan of campaign. As I read this document, the thing that
hits my eye is this: do they really want the things they ask for, or
is the whole thing a blind? What I mean is, do they really want war or
peace? I say let's feel them out. If they are after peace, the thing
is easy. If they want war, this may come to be a very serious thing.
Meantime, Dad, let's not commit ourselves to McGinnis. Let's play it
alone."

Mr. Maitland's lips had set in a thin, hard line. His face was like a
mask of grey steel. He sat thinking silently.

"Here he comes," said Jack, looking out of the window. "Dad, you asked
me to come into this with you. Let's play the game together. I found it
wise to place the weight on the defence line. Will you play defence in
this?"

The lines in his father's face began to relax.

"All right, boy, we'll play it together, and meantime I shall play
defence."

"By Jove, Dad," cried Jack, in a tone of exultant confidence, "we'll
beat 'em. And now here comes that old Irish fire-eater. I'll go. No
alliance, Dad, remember." His father nodded as Jack left the room, to
return almost immediately with Mr. McGinnis, evidently quite incoherent
with rage.

In the outer office Jack paused beside the desk of the old bookkeeper.
From behind the closed door came the sound of high explosives.

"Rough stuff in there, eh, Wickes," said Jack, with a humorous smile.
For some moments he stood listening. "War is a terrible thing," he added
with a grin.

"What seems to be the matter, Mr. Jack?"

Jack laid before him the document sent out by the Allied Unions.

"Oh, this is terrible, Mr. Jack! And just at this time. I am very much
afraid it will ruin us."

"Ruin us? Rot. Don't ever say that word again. We will possibly have
a jolly good row. Someone will be hurt and perhaps all of us, more or
less, but I don't mean to be beaten, if I know myself," he added, with
the smile on his face that his hockey team loved to see before a match.
"Now, Wickes," continued Jack, "get that idea of failure out of
your mind. We are going to win. And meantime, let us prepare for our
campaign. Here's a bit of work I want you to do for me. Get four things
for me: the wages for the last three years--you have the sheets?"

"Yes, sir."

"--The cost of living from the Labour Gazette for the last three
years--you have them here--and the rates of increase in wages. Plot a
diagram showing all these things. You know what I mean?"

"Yes, sir, I understand."

"And find out the wages paid at our competing points."

"All right, Mr. Jack. I know what you want. I can give you the necessary
information in regard to the first three points almost at once. It will
take some days, however, to get the wages of our competing points."

"All right, old boy. Carry on!" said Jack, and with the same smile on
his face he passed out of the office into the shops.

It amused him slightly to observe the change in the attitude and bearing
of his men. They would not look at him fairly in the face. Even Snoopy
Sykes and Macnamara avoided his glance. But he had for everyone his
usual cheery word. Why should he not? These chaps had no hatred for him,
nor he for them. He had come to understand union methods of discipline
and recognised fully the demands for loyalty and obedience imposed upon
its members by the organisation. These men of his were bound to the
union by solemn obligations. He bore them no ill-will on that score.
Rather he respected them the more for it. If a fight was inevitable, he
would do his best to beat them but he would allow no spirit of hatred to
change his mind toward them nor cloud his judgment.

The day was full of excursions and alarms. A hurry call was sent out by
McGinnis to all employers who had received copies of the document from
the Allied Unions. In the afternoon a meeting was held in the Board
of Trade Building, but it was given over chiefly to vituperation and
threatening directed toward their variously described employees. With
one heart and voice all affirmed with solemn, and in many cases with
profane oaths that they would not yield a jot to the insolent demands of
this newly organised body.

"I have already sent my answer," shouted Mr. McGinnis.

"What did you say, Mac?"

"Told 'em to go to hell, and told 'em that if any of these highly
coloured committee men came on my premises, I would kick 'em into the
middle of next week."

Jack, who was present at the meeting, sat listening with silent and
amused pity. They seemed to him so like a group of angry children whose
game had suddenly been interfered with and whose rage rendered them
incapable of coherent thought.

Grant Maitland, who, throughout the meeting had sat silent, finally rose
and said: "Gentlemen, the mere expression of feeling may afford a
sort of satisfaction but the question is, What is to be done? That the
situation is grave for all of us we know too well. Not many of us are in
a position to be indifferent to a strike. Let us get down to business.
What shall we do?"

"Fight them to a finish! Smash the unions!" were the suggestions in
various forms and with various descriptive adjectives.

"It may come to a fight, gentlemen, but however gratifying a fight may
be to our feelings, a fight may be disastrous to our business. A strike
may last for weeks, perhaps months. Are we in a position to stand that?
And as for smashing the unions, let us once and for all put such
a thought out of our minds. These unions have all international
affiliations. It is absurd to imagine that we here in Blackwater could
smash a single union."

Fiercely McGinnis made reply. "I want to tell you right here and now
that I am prepared to close down and go out of business but I will have
no outside committee tell me how to run my job."

But no one took this threat seriously, and no one but knew that a
shut-down for any of them might mean disaster. They all recalled those
unfilled orders which they were straining every nerve to complete before
the market should break, or cancellation should come. It added not a
little to their rage that they knew themselves to be held in the grip of
circumstances over which they had little control.

After much angry deliberation it was finally agreed that they should
appoint a committee to consider the whole situation and to prepare a
plan of action. Meantime the committee were instructed to temporise with
the enemy.

The evening papers announced the imminence of a strike the extent
and magnitude of which had never been experienced in the history
of Blackwater. Everywhere the citizens of the industrial town were
discussing the disturbing news anxiously, angrily, indifferently,
according as they were variously affected. But there was a general
agreement among all classes of citizens that a strike in the present
industrial and financial situation which was already serious enough,
would be nothing short of a calamity, because no matter what the issue
would be, no matter which of the parties won in the conflict, a fight
meant serious loss not only to the two parties immediately concerned,
but to the whole community as well. With the rank and file of the
working people there was little heart for a fight. More especially, men
upon whom lay the responsibility for the support of homes shrank from
the pain and the suffering, as well as from the loss which experience
taught them a strike must entail. It is safe to say that in every
working man's home in Blackwater that night there was to be found a
woman who, as she put her children to bed, prayed that trouble might
be averted, for she knew that in every war it is upon the women and
children that in the last analysis the sorest burden must fall. To
them even victory would mean for many months a loss of luxuries for the
family, it might be of comforts; and defeat, which would come not until
after long conflict, would mean not only straitened means but actual
poverty, with all the attendant humiliation and bitterness which would
kill for them the joy of life and sensibly add to its already heavy
burden.

That night Jack Maitland felt that a chat with the Reverend Murdo
Matheson might help to clear his own mind as to the demands of the
Allied Unions. He found the minister in his study and in great distress
of soul.

"I am glad to see you, Maitland," he said, giving him a hearty greeting.
"My hope is largely placed in you and you must not fail me in this
crisis. What exactly are the demands of the unions?"

Maitland spread before him the letter which his father had received that
morning. The Reverend Murdo read it carefully over, then, with a sigh
of relief, he said: "Well, it might be worse. There should not be much
difficulty in coming to an agreement between people anxious for peace."

After an hour spent in canvassing the subject from various points of
view, the Reverend Murdo exclaimed: "Let us go and see McNish."

"The very thing," said Maitland. "I have been trying to get in touch
with him for the last month or so, but he avoids me."

"Ay," replied the Reverend Murdo, "he has a reason, no doubt."

To Maitland's joy they found McNish at home. They were received with
none-too-cordial a welcome by the son, with kindly, even eager greeting
by the mother.

"Come awa in, Minister; come awa, Mr. Maitland. You have come to talk
about the 'trouble,' a doot. Malcolm does-na want to talk about it to
me, a bad sign. He declines to converse even, wi' me, Mr. Matheson.
Perhaps ye may succeed better wi' him."

"Mr. Matheson can see for himself," said her son, using his most correct
English, "the impropriety of my talking with an employer in this way."

"Nonsense, McNish," said the minister briskly. "You know me quite well
and we both know Maitland. It is just sheer nonsense to say that you
cannot talk with us. Everyone in town is talking. Every man in your
union is talking, trying to justify their present position, which, I am
bound to say, takes some justifying."

"Why?" asked McNish hotly.

"Because the demands are some of them quite unsound. Some other than you
had a hand in drawing up your Petition of Right, McNish, and some of the
demands are impossible."

"How do you--" began McNish indignantly, but the minister held up his
hand and continued:

"And some of them are both sound and reasonable."

"What's wrang with the demands?" said McNish.

"That's what I am about to show you," said the minister with grave
confidence.

"Aye, minister," said the mother with a chuckle of delight. "That's you!
That's you! Haud at him! Haud at him! That's you!"

They took seats about the blazing fire for the evening was still shrewd
enough to make the fire welcome.

"Noo, Mr. Matheson," said the old lady, leaning toward him with keen
relish in her face, "read me the union demands. Malcolm wadna read nor
talk nor anything but glower."

The Reverend Murdo read the six clauses.

"Um! They're no bad negotiating pints."

"Negotiatin' pints!" exclaimed her son indignantly. "Noo, mither, ye
maun play the game. A'm no gaun tae argue with ye to-night. Nor wi' any
of ye," he added.

"Nonsense, Malcolm. You can't object to talk over these points with us.
You must talk them over before you're done with them. And you'll talk
them over before the whole town, too."

"What do you mean, 'before the whole town'?" said Malcolm.

"This is a community question. This community is interested and greatly
interested. It will demand a full exposition of the attitude of the
unions."

"The community!" snorted McNish in contempt.

"Aye, the community," replied the minister, "and you are not to snort at
it. That's the trouble with you labour folk. You think you are the whole
thing. You forget the third and most important party in any industrial
strife, the community. The community is interested first, in justice
being done to its citizens--to all its citizens, mind you; second,
in the preservation of the services necessary to its comfort and
well-being; third, in the continuance of the means of livelihood to wage
earners."

"Ye missed one," said McNish grimly. "The conserving of the profits of
labour for the benefit of the capitalist."

"I might have put that in, too," said the minister, "but it is included
in my first. But I should have added another which, to my mind, is of
the very first importance, the preservation of the spirit of brotherly
feeling and Christian decency as between man and man in this community."

"Aye, ye might," replied Malcolm in bitter irony, "and ye might begin
with the ministers and the churches."

"Whisht, laddie," said his mother sharply, "Mind yer manners."

"He doesn't mean me specially, Mrs. McNish, but I will not say but what
he is right."

"No," replied McNish, "I don't mean you exactly, Mr. Matheson."

"Don't take it back, McNish," said the minister. "I need it. We all need
it in the churches, and we will take it, too. But come now, let us look
at these clauses. You are surely not standing for them all, or for them
all alike?"

"Why not, then?" said McNish, angrily.

"I'll tell you," replied the minister, "and won't take long, either." He
proceeded to read over carefully the various clauses in the demands
of the allied unions, emphasizing and explaining the meaning of each
clause. "First, as to wages. This is purely a matter for adjustment to
the cost of living and general industrial conditions. It is a matter of
arithmetic and common sense. There is no principle involved."

"I don't agree with you," said McNish. "There is more than the cost
of living to be considered. There is the question of the standard of
living. Why should it be considered right that the standard of living
for the working man should be lower than that for the professional man
or the capitalist?"

"There you are again, McNish," said the minister. "You are not up to
your usual to-night. You know quite well that every working man in my
parish lives better than I do, and spends more money on his living.
The standard of living has no special significance with the working man
to-day as distinguished from the professional man. We are not speaking
of the wasteful and idle rich. So I repeat that here it is a matter of
adjustment and that there is no principle involved. Now, as regard to
hours. You ask an eight-hour day and a Saturday half-holiday. That, too,
is a matter of adjustment."

"What about production, Mr. Matheson?" said Maitland. "And overhead?
Production costs are abnormally high to-day and so are carrying charges.
I am not saying that a ten-hour day is not too long. Personally, I
believe that a man cannot keep at his best for ten hours in certain
industries--not in all."

"Long hours do not mean big production, Maitland. Not long hours but
intensive and co-ordinated work bring up production and lower production
costs."

"What about idle machines and overhead?" inquired Maitland.

"A very important consideration," said the minister. "The only sound
rule governing factory industry especially is this: the longest possible
machine time, the shortest possible man time. But here again it is
a question of organisation, adjustment and co-ordination of work and
workers. We all want education here."

"If I remember right," said McNish, and he could not keep the bitterness
out of his voice, "I have heard you say something in the pulpit at times
in regard to the value of men's immortal souls. What care can men take
of their bodies and minds, let alone their souls, if you work them ten
hours a day?"

"There is a previous question, McNish," said the minister. "Why give
more leisure time to men who spend their leisure hours now in pool rooms
and that sort of nonsense?"

"And whose fault is that," replied McNish sharply. "Who is responsible
that they have not learned to use their leisure more wisely? And
further, what about your young bloods and their leisure hours?"

"Ay, A doot he has ye there, minister," said Mrs. McNish with a quiet
chuckle.

"He has," said the minister. "The point is well taken and I acknowledge
it freely. My position is that the men need more leisure, but, more than
that, they need instruction as to how to use their leisure time wisely.
But let us get on to the third point. 'A Joint Committee of References
demanded to which all complaints shall be referred.' Now, that's fine.
That's the Whitley plan. It is quite sound and has proved thoroughly
useful in practice."

"I quite agree," said Maitland frankly. "But certain conditions must be
observed."

"Of course, of course," replied the minister. "Conditions must be
observed everywhere. Now, the fourth point: 'The foreman must be a
member of the union.' Thoroughly unsound. They can't ride two horses at
once.

"I am not so sure of that," said Maitland. "For my part, I should like
to have retained my membership in the union. The more that both parties
meet for conference, the better. And the more connecting links between
them, the better. I should like to see a union where employers and
employees should have equal rights of membership."

McNish grunted contemptuously.

"It would be an interesting experiment," said the minister. "An
interesting experiment, McNish, and you are not to grunt like that. The
human element, of course, is the crux here. If we had the right sort
of foreman he might be trusted to be a member of the union, but a man
cannot direct and be directed at the same time. But that union of yours,
Maitland, with both parties represented in it, is a big idea. It is
worth considering. What do you think about it, McNish?"

"What do I think of it? It is sheer idealistic nonsense."

"It is a noble idea, laddie, and no to be sneered at, but A doot it
needs a better world for it than we hae at the present."

"I am afraid that is true," said the minister. "But meantime a foreman
is a man who gives orders and directs work, and, generally speaking, he
must remain with a directorate in any business. There may be exceptions.
You must acknowledge that, McNish."

"I'll acknowledge nothing of the sort," replied McNish, and entered into
a long argument which convinced no one.

"Now we come to the next, number five: 'a voice in the management,' it
means. Come now, McNish, this is rather much. Do you want Mr. Maitland's
job here, or is there anyone in your shop who would be anything but an
embarrassment trying running the Maitland Mills, and you know quite well
that the men want nothing of the sort. It may be as Mrs. McNish said, 'a
good negotiating point,' but it has no place in practical politics here
in Blackwater. How would you like, for instance, to take orders from
Simmons?"

The old lady chuckled delightedly. "He has you there, laddie, he has you
there!"

But this McNish would not acknowledge, and proceeded to argue at great
length on purely theoretical grounds for joint control of industries,
till his mother quite lost patience with him.

"Hoots, laddie, haud yer hoofs on mither earth. Would ye want yon
radical bodies to take chairge o' ony business in which ye had a baubee?
Ye're talkin' havers."

"Now, let us look at the last," said Mr. Matheson. "It is practically a
demand for the closed shop. Now, McNish, I ask you, man to man, what is
the use of putting that in there? It is not even a negotiating point."